Weather & Climate

1. Паян шӑрӑх, ҫапла мар-и?

   Payan shărăkh, çapla mar-i?

   It is hot today, isn't it?

   Usage

   Small talk on a hot day, seeking the other person's agreement.

   Grammar Note

   The tag ҫапла мар-и? "isn't it so?" works as a tag question. шӑрӑх stands directly as the predicate. Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

2. Ҫумӑр пулать пулмалла.

   Çumăr pulat pulmalla.

   It looks like it will rain

   Usage

   Says that it looks like rain is coming.

   Grammar Note

   Ҫумӑр пулать "there will be rain" with пулмалла "it seems" added to express a guess. Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

3. Вӑйлӑ тӑвӑл ҫывхарать.

   Văylă tăvăl çyvkharat.

   A strong storm is approaching

   Usage

   Warns that a strong storm is approaching.

   Grammar Note

   тӑвӑл is a storm or gale. ҫывхар- "approach" is also used of seasons, and here describes the storm coming near. Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

4. Паян сулхӑн.

   Payan sulkhăn.

   It is cool today

   Usage

   Says that it is cool today.

   Grammar Note

   сулхӑн describes pleasant coolness or fresh air and stands directly as the predicate. Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

5. Тархасшӑн, ҫанталӑк прогнозне каласа парӑр.

   Tarkhasshăn, çantalăk prognozne kalasa parăr.

   Please tell me the weather forecast

   Usage

   Asks someone to tell you the weather forecast.

   Grammar Note

   ҫанталӑк прогнозӗ "weather forecast" is put into the accusative. каласа пар- "say for someone" suits a request. Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

6. Мана хӗвелтен хӳтӗлекен крем кирлӗ-и?

   Mana khĕvelten khÿtĕleken krem kirlĕ-i?

   Do I need sunscreen?

   Usage

   Asks whether sunscreen is needed.

   Grammar Note

   "Мана … кирлӗ" means "I need …"; adding -и makes it "do I need …?". The word for sunscreen is built from parts. Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

7. Сунчӑк илсе каймалла-и?

   Sunchăk ilse kaymalla-i?

   Should I bring an umbrella?

   Usage

   Asks whether you should take an umbrella along.

   Grammar Note

   сунчӑк is used for both rain and sun umbrellas. илсе кай- "take along" + -малла "should". Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

8. Хӗвел питӗ хытӑ хӗртет.

   Khĕvel pitĕ khytă khĕrtet.

   The sun is really strong

   Usage

   Says that the sun is very strong.

   Grammar Note

   хӗрт- means "to heat, to scorch"; with the sun as subject it means "to beat down". хытӑ is "strongly". Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

9. Ҫумӑр

   Çumăr

   Rain

   Usage

   The word for rain in weather talk.

   Grammar Note

   The noun for rain. With a verb it becomes ҫумӑр ҫӑвать "it rains". Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

10. Юр

    Yur

    Snow

    Usage

    The word for snow in weather talk.

    Grammar Note

    The noun for snow, used as in юр ҫӑвать "it snows". Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

11. Ҫил

    Çil

    Wind

    Usage

    The word for wind in weather talk.

    Grammar Note

    The noun for wind. Adjectives go in front, as in вӑйлӑ ҫил "strong wind". Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

12. Уяр ҫанталӑк

    Uyar çantalăk

    Clear weather

    Usage

    Describes clear, fine weather.

    Grammar Note

    уяр means clear, cloudless weather. The adjective comes before the noun.

13. Пӗлӗтлӗ ҫанталӑк

    Pĕlĕtlĕ çantalăk

    Cloudy weather

    Usage

    Describes cloudy weather.

    Grammar Note

    пӗлӗт "cloud, sky" + -лӗ "having" gives "cloudy". The adjective comes before the noun.

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