Cooking & Markets

1. Ҫӗнӗ апат-ҫимӗҫ сутакан пасар ӑҫта?

   Çĕnĕ apat-çimĕç sutakan pasar ăçta?

   Where is the market that sells fresh food?

   Usage

   Asks where the market with local fresh food is, before a cooking session or self-catering.

   Grammar Note

   The participle ending -акан / -текен makes "that does …", so сутакан пасар is "the market that sells". Ҫӗнӗ "new" is used here for "fresh". Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

2. Ку апат-ҫимӗҫ мӗн ятлӑ?

   Ku apat-çimĕç mĕn yatlă?

   What is this food item called?

   Usage

   Asks a seller the name of an ingredient you do not know.

   Grammar Note

   -лӑ means "having", so мӗн ятлӑ is "having what name". Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

3. Ку аш е пулӑ паян ҫӗнӗ-и?

   Ku ash e pulă payan çĕnĕ-i?

   Is this meat or fish fresh today?

   Usage

   Checks the freshness of meat or fish with the seller before buying.

   Grammar Note

   The question particle -и follows the adjective with a hyphen; аш is meat and пулӑ is fish. Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

4. Ку чӑваш апатне мӗнле пӗҫереҫҫӗ?

   Ku chăvash apatne mĕnle pĕçereççĕ?

   How is this Chuvash dish cooked?

   Usage

   Asks a cook or host how a local dish is made.

   Grammar Note

   The unspecified 3rd-person plural пӗҫереҫҫӗ means "one cooks"; пӗҫер- covers boiling, baking and cooking in general. Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

5. Туяниччен тутанса пӑхма юрать-и?

   Tuyanichchen tutansa păkhma yurat-i?

   May I taste it before buying?

   Usage

   Asks a stall holder for a taste before you buy.

   Grammar Note

   -иччен means "before, until"; adding пӑхма after a verb form gives "try doing". Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

6. Эпӗ апат пӗҫерес курса ҫырӑнасшӑн.

   Epĕ apat pĕçeres kursa çyrănasshăn.

   I would like to sign up for a cooking course

   Usage

   Tells a cooking school desk that you want to sign up.

   Grammar Note

   "апат пӗҫерес курс" is built as "a course for cooking", a paraphrase rather than a fixed name. Composed sentence — native-speaker review recommended.

7. Тӑвар

   Tăvar

   Salt

   Usage

   Salt as a seasoning, a basic word at the table and in the kitchen.

   Grammar Note

   Тӑвар is table salt and also the word for salt as a mineral.

8. Сахӑр

   Sakhăr

   Sugar

   Usage

   Sugar as a seasoning; also useful when asked whether you want it in tea.

   Grammar Note

   Сахӑр is a widely travelled word, traced back to Sanskrit śarkarā.

9. Хура пӑрӑҫ

   Khura părăç

   Black pepper

   Usage

   Black pepper as a spice, for asking for it in a dish or buying it.

   Grammar Note

   The adjective comes first (Хура + пӑрӑҫ). пӑрӑҫ also covers capsicum peppers, so "black" is added to tell them apart.

10. Уксус

    Uksus

    Vinegar

    Usage

    Vinegar as a seasoning; the word is the same as in Russian.

    Grammar Note

    Уксус is a Russian loan; no native Chuvash word was confirmed. In chemistry it appears as уксус йӳҫекӗ "acetic acid".

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